About Protocols, Ftp Http Ipx NetBeui NetBios Pop3 Smtp Tcp Telnet
Protocols
Computers can't just pass data to each other any old way. Because so many different types of computers and operating systems connect via modems or other connections, they have to follow communications rules called protocols. The Internet is a very heterogeneous collection of networked computers and is full of different protocols.
TELNET (TCP/IP) 1969
This protocol specifies how telnet programs should send data back and forth, allowing for interactive text sessions. Telnet programs are a type of terminal emulation program, just like modem-based communications programs. The difference is that they allow you to access other computers through the Internet, rather than by dialing the other computers directly.
FTP (TCP/IP) 1973
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a client-server protocol which allows a user on one computer to transfer files to and from another computer over a TCP/IP network. Also the client program the user executes to transfer files. One of the most useful services of the Internet is FTP.
TCP/IP 1977
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to connect and internetwork dissimilar systems. TCP provides the data-transport functions, while IP provides the routing mechanism. TCP/IP is a routable protocol. Every client and server in a TCP/IP network requires an IP address, which can be assigned either permanently or dynamically (meaning that it draws from a pool of addresses each time the machine starts up).
SMTP 1982
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol A process which transfers mail in cooperation with a receiver-SMTP process. A local language may be used in the user interface command/reply dialogue. The sender-SMTP initiates the transport service connection. It initiates SMTP commands, receives replies, and governs the transfer of mail.
NetBEUI 1983
NetBIOS Extended User Interface Pronounced "net booey." This is Windows' native network protocol. NetBEUI does not contain a network address, so it is a nonroutable protocol. This means data cannot be routed from one network to another.
NNTP 1986
Network News Transfer Protocol Refers to the standard protocol used for transferring Usenet news from machine to machine. A protocol is simply a format used to transfer data to two different machines. A protocol will set out terms to indicate what error checking method will be used, how the sending machine will indicate when it is has finished sending the data, and how the receiving machine will indicate that it has received the data.
SGML 1986
Standard Generalized Markup Language A system for organizing and tagging elements of a document. SGML was developed and standardized by the International Organization for Standards (ISO) in 1986. SGML itself does not specify any particular formatting; rather, it specifies the rules for tagging elements. These tags can then be interpreted to format elements in different ways.
NTP (TCP/IP) 1988
Network Time Protocol A protocol built on top of TCP/IP that assures accurate local timekeeping with reference to radio, atomic or other clocks located on the Internet. This protocol is capable of synchronizing distributed clocks within milliseconds over long time periods.
SLIP l988
Serial Line Internet Protocol SLIP is a standard for connecting to the Internet with a modem over a phone line. It has serious trouble with noisy dial-up lines and other error-prone connections, so look to higher-level protocols like PPP for error correction.
IPX/SPX 1989
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange This is a Novell NetWare-based protocol that is used to route messages from one network node to another. IPX/SPX is a routable protocol, and because IPX packets include network addresses, data can be exchanged between different networks. SPX ensures that an entire message (a data IPX packet) arrives intact.
HTTP (TCP/IP) 1990
HyperText Transfer Protocol HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. For example, when you enter a URL in your browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch and transmit the requested Web page.
PPP 1994
Point-to-Point Protocol PPP is the Internet standard for serial communications. Newer and better than its predecessor, SLIP, PPP defines how your modem connection exchanges data packets with other systems on the Internet.
POP3 (TCP/IP) 1996
Post Office Protocol, Ver 3 Permits workstations to dynamically access a maildrop on a server host (TCP/IP). The most recent version of a standard client-server protocol for receiving e-mail. The default port on which the POP3 server listens for these requests is 110. Client side mail readers can issue a predefined set of commands to the mail server, to access the mail in their own desired fashion.
HTML 3.2 (TCP/IP) 1997
HyperText Markup Language The authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes.
FTP (TCP/IP) 1973
File Transfer Protocol (FTP), a client-server protocol which allows a user on one computer to transfer files to and from another computer over a TCP/IP network. Also the client program the user executes to transfer files. One of the most useful services of the Internet is FTP.
TCP/IP 1977
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Developed by the U.S. Department of Defense to connect and internetwork dissimilar systems. TCP provides the data-transport functions, while IP provides the routing mechanism. TCP/IP is a routable protocol. Every client and server in a TCP/IP network requires an IP address, which can be assigned either permanently or dynamically (meaning that it draws from a pool of addresses each time the machine starts up).
SMTP 1982
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol A process which transfers mail in cooperation with a receiver-SMTP process. A local language may be used in the user interface command/reply dialogue. The sender-SMTP initiates the transport service connection. It initiates SMTP commands, receives replies, and governs the transfer of mail.
NetBEUI 1983
NetBIOS Extended User Interface Pronounced "net booey." This is Windows' native network protocol. NetBEUI does not contain a network address, so it is a nonroutable protocol. This means data cannot be routed from one network to another.
NNTP 1986
Network News Transfer Protocol Refers to the standard protocol used for transferring Usenet news from machine to machine. A protocol is simply a format used to transfer data to two different machines. A protocol will set out terms to indicate what error checking method will be used, how the sending machine will indicate when it is has finished sending the data, and how the receiving machine will indicate that it has received the data.
SGML 1986
Standard Generalized Markup Language A system for organizing and tagging elements of a document. SGML was developed and standardized by the International Organization for Standards (ISO) in 1986. SGML itself does not specify any particular formatting; rather, it specifies the rules for tagging elements. These tags can then be interpreted to format elements in different ways.
NTP (TCP/IP) 1988
Network Time Protocol A protocol built on top of TCP/IP that assures accurate local timekeeping with reference to radio, atomic or other clocks located on the Internet. This protocol is capable of synchronizing distributed clocks within milliseconds over long time periods.
SLIP l988
Serial Line Internet Protocol SLIP is a standard for connecting to the Internet with a modem over a phone line. It has serious trouble with noisy dial-up lines and other error-prone connections, so look to higher-level protocols like PPP for error correction.
IPX/SPX 1989
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange This is a Novell NetWare-based protocol that is used to route messages from one network node to another. IPX/SPX is a routable protocol, and because IPX packets include network addresses, data can be exchanged between different networks. SPX ensures that an entire message (a data IPX packet) arrives intact.
HTTP (TCP/IP) 1990
HyperText Transfer Protocol HTTP defines how messages are formatted and transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take in response to various commands. For example, when you enter a URL in your browser, this actually sends an HTTP command to the Web server directing it to fetch and transmit the requested Web page.
PPP 1994
Point-to-Point Protocol PPP is the Internet standard for serial communications. Newer and better than its predecessor, SLIP, PPP defines how your modem connection exchanges data packets with other systems on the Internet.
POP3 (TCP/IP) 1996
Post Office Protocol, Ver 3 Permits workstations to dynamically access a maildrop on a server host (TCP/IP). The most recent version of a standard client-server protocol for receiving e-mail. The default port on which the POP3 server listens for these requests is 110. Client side mail readers can issue a predefined set of commands to the mail server, to access the mail in their own desired fashion.
HTML 3.2 (TCP/IP) 1997
HyperText Markup Language The authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web. HTML defines the structure and layout of a Web document by using a variety of tags and attributes.
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